“Culture” (Văn hóa) là một trong những chủ đề quen thuộc nhưng chưa bao giờ dễ dàng trong bài thi IELTS. Từ Speaking Part 2, Part 3 cho đến Writing Task 2, bạn sẽ thường xuyên phải bàn luận về các khía cạnh như di sản, truyền thống, hay sự đa dạng văn hóa. Hôm nay, hãy cùng IELTS Master – Engonow English tìm hiểu sâu hơn về từ vựng chủ đề “Culture” nhé!
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Explanation (Giải thích)
Dưới đây là những từ vựng chủ đề “Culture”:
- Heritage (n): Di sản
- Assimilation (n): Sự đồng hóa
- Cosmopolitan (adj): Đa văn hóa, quốc tế
- Stereotype (n): Khuôn mẫu, hình mẫu rập khuôn
- Prejudice (n): Định kiến, thành kiến
- Cultural diversity (n.phr): Sự đa dạng văn hóa
- Acculturation (n): Sự tiếp biến văn hóa
- Mores (n): Tục lệ, quy ước xã hội
- Ethnocentrism (n): Chủ nghĩa vị chủng
- Ritual (n): Lễ nghi, nghi thức
- Taboo (n): Điều cấm kỵ
- Indigenous (adj): Bản địa, bản xứ
- Folklore (n): Văn hóa dân gian
- Cultural appropriation (n.phr): Sự chiếm dụng văn hóa
Review (Ôn tập)
Hãy sử dụng những từ vựng chủ đề “Culture” này trong các câu của bạn để nhớ lâu hơn. Dưới đây là một vài câu ví dụ:
- Heritage: Hoi An Ancient Town was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its well-preserved Southeast Asian trading port.
- Assimilation: The process of cultural assimilation can be challenging, as immigrants try to adapt to a new society while maintaining their own identity.
- Cosmopolitan: Having grown up in a cosmopolitan city like Ho Chi Minh City, I appreciate the opportunity to interact with people from diverse backgrounds every day.
- Stereotype: It is important to challenge harmful stereotypes in the media to promote a more accurate and respectful understanding of different groups.
- Prejudice: Education is a powerful tool to combat racial prejudice and build a more tolerant society.
- Cultural diversity: The company’s hiring policy actively promotes cultural diversity, which is believed to foster innovation and creativity.
- Acculturation: The popularity of “Banh mi,” which incorporates the French baguette, is a classic example of acculturation in Vietnamese cuisine.
- Mores: Travelers should take time to learn the local mores and customs to avoid unintentionally offending people.
- Ethnocentrism: Ethnocentrism can be a significant barrier to effective cross-cultural communication and understanding.
- Ritual: The graduation ceremony is an important ritual that marks the successful completion of a student’s academic journey.
- Taboo: In many cultures, discussing personal wealth or salary is considered a social taboo.
- Indigenous: The Maori are the indigenous people of New Zealand, known for their unique traditions and art forms.
- Folklore: The story of “The Hundred-Knot Bamboo Tree” is a famous piece of Vietnamese folklore that teaches children about honesty.
- Cultural appropriation: The fashion brand faced backlash for cultural appropriation after using sacred patterns from a minority group in its new clothing line without permission.
Exercise (Bài tập)
Hãy chọn đáp án đúng cho mỗi câu sau:
1. The ancient citadel is a vital part of the nation’s cultural ______ and must be preserved for future generations.
A. Ritual B. Heritage C. Folklore D. Prejudice
2. The festival celebrates the city’s ______ with food, music, and dance from communities all over the world.
A. Ethnocentrism B. Assimilation C. Cultural diversity D. Taboo
3. In many cultures, pointing the sole of your foot at someone is considered a serious ______.
A. Ritual B. Heritage C. Taboo D. Stereotype
4. The film was criticized for reinforcing the harmful ______ that all librarians are quiet and reserved.
A. Prejudice B. Stereotype C. Mores D. Folklore
5. The Maori are the ______ people of New Zealand, with rich traditions and a unique language.
A. Cosmopolitan B. Indigenous C. Cultural D. Appropriated
6. The fashion designer faced heavy criticism for ______, after using sacred traditional patterns in her collection without permission or acknowledgement.
A. Acculturation B. Cultural appropriation C. Assimilation D. Cultural diversity
7. Education is one of the most powerful tools to fight against racial ______ and promote a more understanding society.
A. Prejudice B. Heritage C. Ritual D. Mores
8. Believing that your own culture is superior to all others is a clear sign of ______.
A. Folklore B. Acculturation C. Ethnocentrism D. Heritage
Đáp Án Bài Tập Trắc Nghiệm
- B. Heritage
- C. Cultural diversity
- C. Taboo
- B. Stereotype
- B. Indigenous
- B. Cultural appropriation
- A. Prejudice
- C. Ethnocentrism
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